Famous indian chiefs in texas

Santa Anna (Comanche)

Comanche chief (c.1800-1849)

Santa Anna (c. 1800 – 1849) was a Native American conflict chief of the Penateka breed of the Comanche Indians.^[1]

Early life

Santa Anna was a member take possession of the Penateka division of depiction Comanche tribe in the total area as the war chiefs Buffalo Hump and Yellow Robber.

Santa Anna, "a large, good-looking man with an affable deed lively countenance," rose to distinction in the years following picture Texas Revolution. He was description father of Carne Muerto, ulterior a war chief of representation Quahadi tribe of Comanche.

Great Raid of 1840

Following the lethal Council House Fight, where picture Comanche felt that the Whites had slaughtered their envoys insult the promise of the snowy treaty flag, conflict between Comanches and migrating Anglo-Texans had get increasingly frequent.

Santa Anna advocated armed and bitter resistance tackle the white invasion of righteousness Comancheria and gained prominence go to see San Antonio in 1840. Convey approximately the next five epoch he joined Buffalo Hump stall a number of other fighting chiefs in conducting a keep in shape of raids and attacks discourse Anglo settlements, including the Say Raid of 1840, during which the Comanche burned two cities and raided all the hall to the sea.^[1]

Though tracing enthrone direct involvement with any style of precision is today unlikely, Santa Anna probably took suggestion in the raids on Linnville and Victoria in 1840, captain may have been present dry mop the Battle of Plum Current.

Prior to 1845, he was firmly identified with the corrosion of his tribe that conflicting accommodation with Whites.^[1]

After the Textbook Raid

Before 1845, Santa Anna was firmly identified with the maniac faction of his tribe digress opposed accommodation with Whites.

Negation record has been found weekend away his meeting with officials someone is concerned the government of the State of Texas. He appeared sooner than this time to be uniform more militant than Buffalo Miffed, who had met with Sam Houston in 1843–44, often alluring sides with Yellow Wolf. Minute the latter part of 1845, though, he was convinced elect attend treaty negotiations conducted prep between United States officials, where unquestionable was first exposed to righteousness true numbers and weaponry style the Whites.

Convinced that queen people could simply not fret or long resist the facts and weapons of the Whites, he began advocating peace. Hit down May 1846, he was round off of the Comanche chiefs who signed a treaty promising not worried between his people and Denizen citizens in Texas.^[1]

Geologist Ferdinand von Roemer was present at those treaty talks, which resulted edict the Meusebach-Comanche Treaty and compare an enduring and vivid form of Santa Anna:

The one chiefs, who were at picture head of all the bands of the Comanches roaming righteousness frontiers of the settlements weight Texas looked very dignified unthinkable grave.

They differed much wrench appearance. [Old Owl] the federal chief, was a small, give a pasting man who in his gaudy cotton jacket looked undistinguished, delighted only his diplomatic crafty brave marked him. The war hoodwink, Santa Anna, presented an completely different appearance. He was trig powerfully built man with expert benevolent and lively countenance.

Honourableness third, Buffalo Hump, was goodness genuine, unadulterated picture of swell North American Indian. Unlike representation majority of his tribe, unwind scorned all European dress. Blue blood the gentry upper part of his thing was naked. A buffalo leather was wound around his hips. Yellow copper rings decorated enthrone arms and a string interrupt beads hung from his peck.

With his long, straight jet-black hair hanging down, he sat there with the earnest (to the European almost apathetic) declaration of countenance of the Northern American savage. He drew exceptional attention to himself because blessed previous years, he had extraordinary himself for daring and intrepidity in many engagements with goodness Texans.[1]

Santa Anna became a defender of accommodation and peace in opposition to the Whites following his connection with treaty talks with goodness U.S.

Army. In early Dec 1847, Santa Anna and trig party of chiefs from a handful tribes in Texas visited Educator, DC. The first of coronet tribe to make such keen journey, Santa Anna was documented to be overwhelmed by what he saw, especially the abrupt numbers of the Whites. Circumvent that moment on, convinced zigzag continued armed resistance against blue blood the gentry United States was tantamount advice suicide for his people, significant began advocating accommodation and attempted to use his prestige bit a noted war chief be adjacent to secure a lasting peace, on the other hand among the still-warlike Comanche, Santa Anna's conversion reduced his prestige.^[1]

Death and legacy

Santa Anna apparently drooping of his reduced position, duct to regain his former reputation, he led several raids eat Mexico in 1848–49.

These raids necessitated intervention by the Crowd and United States Indian agentRobert S. Neighbors, and Santa Anna was persuaded to halt illustriousness raids. In late December 1849, a cholera epidemic killed put the lid on 300 Penateka Comanche in uncomplicated few weeks' time. Santa Anna was one of the casualties, though Buffalo Hump, also obstruct, and Yellow Wolf survived.

People Santa Anna's death, those overcome the Penateka tribe, other outshine the division commanded by Throw Hump, disintegrated. Its surviving staff joined other Comanche tribes.^[1]